Climate change is becoming an increasingly urgent global issue, with its impacts felt in various sectors, including ecosystems. In the context of ecosystem sustainability, climate change triggers a series of detrimental effects and threatens natural balance. One of the impacts is extreme changes in weather patterns. Rising temperatures cause the frequency and intensity of natural disasters, such as floods and droughts, which impact flora and fauna habitats. Disturbed ecosystems have the potential to lose biodiversity, which is critical for resilience to environmental change. Additionally, increasing global temperatures lead to warming of the oceans, which impacts marine ecosystems. Coral reefs, which serve as habitats for various fish species, are more susceptible to warming waters and shifts in pH. The process of coral reef bleaching reduces species diversity and disrupts the food chain. This also threatens the lives of humans who depend on marine resources for their livelihood. Another significant impact is changes in the terrestrial ecosystem. Changes in temperature and rainfall cause shifts in the distribution areas of plant species. Many species cannot adapt quickly to change, leading to population decline or extinction. Forest ecosystems, for example, become more vulnerable to pest and disease attacks, which reduce their capacity to store carbon and increase greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change also impacts the water cycle, which is essential for ecosystem sustainability. Changes in rainfall patterns cause uncertainty in water availability, which disrupts plant growth and animal health. When water resources are limited, competition between species increases, worsening ecosystem resilience. From an agricultural perspective, climate change creates major challenges for the sustainability of food production. Erratic weather impacts soil quality, plant productivity and seed viability. Farmers must adapt to these changes, which can require major investments in technology and more sustainable farming methods. Finally, the impact of climate change touches socio-economic aspects. A decline in biodiversity and damage to ecosystems can lead to loss of livelihoods for communities that depend on natural resources. This uncertainty can trigger migration, resource conflicts, and create new challenges in environmental management. Overall, climate change has broad and complex impacts on ecosystem sustainability. Facing these challenges requires global cooperation and sustainable approaches to mitigation and adaptation that take into account biodiversity and ecosystem integrity.